出国留学首选一诺留学

　　平行结构指的是两个或者两个以上的句法、功能相同的平行的词、词组或句子，通过并列连词、并列词组链接起来的而构成的，共同承担句子某一成分的结构。从词性划分，平行结构可以是名词，形容词，副词，动词等的并列， 结构形式尽量保持一致：ing形式与ing形式并列，to+V与 to+v对等。

　　平行解题技巧：

　　1、看见平行标志词就要想到平行，而且平行结构的搭配不能错。

　　2、为了避免歧义，两个平行从句必须都有引导词引导，即使引导词一样也不可以省略!

　　3、看到and就要找对应的成份，用and连接并列成分，最后一项的前面不可以把and省略掉。用and平行两个句子，在and前面加不加逗号都可以，但两个句子很长的时候最好加上。

　　4、逻辑平行应优于结构平行考虑，尤其注意动词形式。

　　5、系动词是一种隐晦的平行。系动词表示主语的身份和状态(是什么/在什么情况下)系动词两边的主语和宾语必须在结构上平行，同时在语义上对应(同质!)。

　　真题1：

　　Doctors hope that one day the body’s master cells, called stem cells, can be directed to grow in organs or tissues appropriate for transplant, use them to test drugs and potentially toxic chemicals, and may study them to gain insight into basic human biology.

　　A. transplant, use them to test drugs and potentially toxic chemicals, and may study them

　　B. transplant, using them to test drugs and potentially toxic chemicals, and studied

　　C. transplant, used to test drugs and potentially toxic chemicals, and studied

　　D. a transplant, use them for testing drugs and potentially toxic chemicals, and for studying

　　E. a transplant, used to test drugs and potentially toxic chemicals, and may study them

　　翻译：医生们希望有一天人体的主细胞，称为干细胞，可直接生长在适合移植的器官或组织中，用于测试药物和潜在的有毒化学物质，并且可以深入了解人类的基本生物学。

　　句式：stem cells can be directed to...., used to test and studied to gain...

　　思路：三个方向三个动词平行。

　　选项：

　　A. be directed to, use和study不平行;

　　B. be directed to，using和studied不平行;

　　C. 正确;

　　D. be directed to, use和for studying不平行;

　　E. be directed to, used和study不平行。

　　真题2：

　　Minivans carry as many as seven passengers and, compared with most sport utility vehicles, cost less, get better gas mileage, allow passengers to get in and out more easily, and have a smoother ride.

　　A. Minivans carry as many as seven passengers and, compared with most sport utility vehicles, cost less,

　　B. Minivans, which carry as many as seven passengers, compared with most sport utility vehicles, they cost less,

　　C. Minivans carry as many as seven passengers, in comparison with most sport utility vehicles, and have a lower cost, they

　　D. Minivans, carrying as many as seven passengers, compared with most sport utility vehicles, cost less,

　　E. Minivans, which carry as many as seven passengers, compared with most sport utility vehicles the cost is lower, and they

　　翻译：Minivans可以承载最多7个乘客，和其他的运动型车辆比起来，花费更少，汽油使用效率更高，允许乘客进出汽车更方便，并且有一个舒适的乘车感觉。

　　句式：Minivans carry…and, [compared with…, cost…, get…, allow…, and have….] ...V1 and，插入状语，V2...

　　思路：按照逻辑意思可以发现，动作carry和后面几个动作并不平行。这个句子的逻辑关系是，“Carry”这个动作没有参加“compared”，而是自成一个层次，而另外四个动词是“compared”的项目，它们另外组成了一连串的动词平行结构。故而A中的第一个“and”是必要的。

　　选项：

　　A. 正确;

　　B. They主语赘述，句子简略后可以很容易看出：minivans, they cost less;compared with most sport utility vehicles可能修饰passengers，造成歧义;

　　C. Run-on sentence，两套主谓宾结构;打破了原来逻辑含义合理的各动词平行结构;

　　D. compared with most sport utility vehicles可能修饰passengers，造成歧义;

　　E. 前半个分句有两个主语Minivans和the cost;Minivans, which carry as many as seven passengers成了悬垂结构;打破了原先逻辑含义合理的各动词平行结构。

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